共混法制备酸性可染聚丙烯腈纤维

用含有碱性基团的丙烯酸氨基酯(TAM)与丙烯腈(AN)单体共聚,其共聚物与聚丙烯腈(PAN)共混,经湿法纺丝制备酸性染料可染PAN共混纤维。结果表明,AN／TAM共聚物与PAN有良好的相容性。随着TAM含量的增加,PAN共混纤维结晶度下降,力学性能下降。纤维中TAM质量分数5％较好,PAN共混纤维酸性染料上染率大于80％。     

SiO2微粉分形分布对超薄切割砂轮片拉伸性能的影响

在研究利用光敏树脂快速成型工艺制作超薄切割砂轮片时，发现往光敏树脂中添加适量的SiO2微粉，光敏树脂的拉伸强度明显增加。添加的SiO2微粉的用量的不同，在光敏树脂中形成的分形分布不同，对光固化成型后的超薄切割砂轮片的拉伸强度有不同的影响。本文通过研究SiO2微粉在光敏树脂中分布特征，根据分形理论，用分形维来描述其分布特征及其对光敏树脂光固化成型后的超薄切割砂轮片的拉伸性能的影响。     

Effect of photoaligning azo dye structure on liquid crystal anchoring energy

A method of controlling anchoring energy of surface interaction of liquid crystal photoaligning substances is considered to enhance the liquid crystal display performances. An important parameter of the dye's molecular structure that determines the ratio of polar and azimuthal anchoring energy is the ability to form dimers. The values of dimerization thermodynamic potentials have been found. The probability of the formation of dye molecules dimers is evaluated. The bonds conjugation transfer via intermolecular hydrogen bond is revealed, and anisotropy of polarizability of the hydrogen bond is evaluated. The effect of dimerization on polar and azimuthal anchoring energy of liquid crystal — azo dye system — is shown.     

双轴光伏电池自动跟踪系统的研制

该设计采用低成本感光阵列,结合电机智能控制系统,实现太阳能电池板受光角度随季节、早晚而自动调整。系统运用低功耗休眠电路,大大减低了太阳能电池板无功时的整体系统功耗。整体电路设计合理,成本低,稳定可靠。     

Photoelectric properties of the photoconducting film composites based on ferrocenyl‐ and carbazolyl‐containing oligomer doped with polymethine dye

New photosensitive polymeric film composites based on oligomer containing ferrocenyl and carbazolyl fragments doped with symmetric polymethine dye are synthesized. Their photoelectric properties are investigated. Photovoltaic properties of these composites are detected. The mechanisms and peculiarities of the photovoltaic and photodielectric effects are discussed.     

荧光介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子的制备及其性能探究

利用单层十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)表面活性剂包覆染料并将其转相到水中,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备以荧光染料为核、介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子(MSNs)为壳的荧光介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子。利用DLS探讨了正硅酸乙酯、表面活性剂、氨水、染料浓度对粒子粒径的影响,利用SEM、TEM、TG、UV、PL光谱分析手段对复合纳米粒子结构、形貌、热稳定性、光谱进行了表征和探讨。结果表明,随着正硅酸乙酯和氨水用量增多,粒子粒径增加;表面活性剂用量较少时粒径会较大;染料浓度较低时对粒径影响较小;制备出的粉体可以在100nm左右可控;荧光强度提高、染料与二氧化硅最佳掺杂质量比为1.5×10-3;由于是物理包覆所以热稳定性提高有限,但抗紫外耐老化性有显著的提高。     

Synthesis and characterization of novel blue azo‐dye derivatives containing acrylate group for dye‐based color filters

Abstract— Even though dyes have a fine resolution and good chromaticities, they are not widely used as coloring materials for color filters (CFs) due to their low thermal stability and chemical resistance. A series of azo‐dye derivatives, which consist of two cross‐linkable acrylate or methacrylate groups to improve thermal and chemical properties, have been synthesized and used to fabricate color filters. The spectral properties and chemical/thermal stabilities of the fabricated CFs were investigated by comparing dye‐based CFs, without a complicated dispersion process, but with pigment‐based CFs using dispersed pigment. Also, more properties including the development test and surface morphologies lithographic properties were studied. The synthesized azo dyes were characterized by elemental analysis, UV‐visible spectra, IR, mass, and ¹H‐NMR spectra.     

Irreversible sensing of oxygen ingress

Absorption-based opto-chemical sensors for oxygen are presented that consist of leuco dyes (leuco indigo and leuco thioindigo) incorporated into two kinds of polymer matrices. An irreversible and visible color change (to red or blue) is caused by a chromogenic chemistry involving the oxidation of the (virtually colorless) leuco dyes by molecular oxygen. The moderately gas permeable copolymer poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) and a highly oxygen-permeable polyurethane hydrogel, respectively, are used in order to increase the effective dynamic range for visualizing and detecting oxygen. We describe the preparation and properties of four different types of such oxygen sensors that are obtained by dip-coating a gas impermeable foil made from poly(ethylene terephthalate) with a sensor layer composed of leuco dye and polymer.     

Density functional theory study of adsorption geometries and electronic structures of azo-dye-based molecules on anatase TiO2 surface for dye-sensitized solar cell applications

Structural and electronic properties of eight isolated azo dyes (ArNNAr′, where Ar and Ar′ denote the aryl groups containing benzene and naphthalene skeletons, respectively) were investigated by density functional theory (DFT) based on the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) and TD-B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) methods The effect of methanol solvent on the structural and electronic properties of the azo dyes was elucidated by employing a polarizable continuum model (PCM). Then, the azo dyes adsorbed onto the anatase TiO₂ (101) slab surface through a carboxyl group. The geometries and electronic structures of the adsorption complexes were determined using periodic DFT based on the PWC/DNP method. The calculated adsorption energies indicate that the adsorbed dyes preferentially take configuration of the bidentate bridging rather than chelating or monodentate ester-type geometries. Furthermore, the azo compounds having two carboxyl groups are coordinated to the TiO₂ surface more preferentially through the carboxyl group connecting to the benzene skeleton than through that connecting to the naphthalene skeleton. The dihedral angles (Φ_B-N) between the benzene- and naphthalene-skeleton moieties are smaller than 10° for the adsorbed azo compounds containing one carboxyl group. In contrast, Φ_B-N > 30° are obtained for the adsorbed azo compounds containing two carboxyl groups. The almost planar conformations of the former appear to strengthen both π-electrons conjugation and electronic coupling between low-lying unoccupied molecular orbitals of the azo dyes and the conduction band of TiO₂. On the other hand, such coupling is very weak for the latter, leading to a shift of the Fermi level of TiO₂ in the lower-energy direction. The obtained results are useful to the design and synthesize novel azo-dye-based molecules that give rise to higher photovoltaic performances of the dye-sensitized solar cells.     

Solvatochromic betaine dyes as optochemical sensor materials: detection of polar and non-polar vapors

Solvatochromic effects in the UV/VIS spectra of dyes can be applied to the monitoring of solvents in the gaseous phase. Within the class of solvatochromic dyes Reichhardt's betaine reveals an outstanding hypsochromic effect on protic solvents with a band shift of up to 350 nm. For vapor detection, the sensor behavior was optimized according to the linearity of the response signal, the sensitivity and a minimum influence of humidity by hydrophobizing siloxanes as additives. Furthermore, the dyes were immobilized under mild conditions by a sol–gel process which generates a high porosity for easy analyte access. The detection principle could be further extended to aprotic, polar solvents by embedding the dyes in protic matrices that form hydrogen bonds to the betaine oxygen. Then, the analyte disturbs the hydrogen bonds resulting in a bathochromic band shift resembling a back titration. Finally, the betaine phenol blue even allows the detection of halogenated hydrocarbons that lack a pronounced functionality but nonetheless a hyperchromic effect occurs during analyte exposition. Mechanistic aspects of these solvent absorption processes were traced by mass-sensitive measurements.